Technology of Translation Memory Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Technology of Translation Memory. Answer: Introduction Translation memory is a technology that helps in the translation of text. This links the source to the target. The source is the database which consists of already translated segments and the target is the current text which needs to be translated. The translation memory provides with the relevant matches from the memory and the user has to accept or reject those matches (Flanagan 2015). This technology was designed to ease the process of translation and provide efficiency to it. The report contains details about this technology, how it will be utilised and various advantages and disadvantages of this technology. About translation memory in detail Computer assisted translation[1] tools and translation memory has overcome the drawbacks of the traditional machine translation technology. It is an epic invention in the area of translation. In simple words translation memory can be described as a technology that aids the translation process. It is a feature of computer assisted translation system. Translation memory provides with the database that stores segments that have been previously translated. It provides those translated segments for future use. The segments that are retrieved from the translation memory can be used in the same document or any other document. It eases that work as well as increases the quality and efficiency of the project. The translator stores information in the form of sentences or paragraphs and whenever finds a similar entry it shows the already stored sentence as a reference (Cheng et al. 2017). The translator shows the possible matches for the target information these matches can be accepted or abrog ated. The targeted information is also known as translation unit. There are various computer assisted translation tools that make use the translation memory. Among these tools some are open source that is they are available free of cost while high prices. Use of translation memory ensures accomplishment of a translation process that is time efficient. Translation memory products are divided into three categories standard translation memory software, localization software and TM/MT hybrids. Working of the translation memory The translation memory divides the target into small pieces known as clauses or sentence level units these small pieces are known as segments. Then translator begins with translating the segments the programme offers segments one by one. As translator moves to the next segment the programme automatically saves the segment as well as its translation in the database. Whenever the programme encounters any text that is same it provides it with the translation that is already saved in the database (Rosenberg 2017). The translator assigns the appropriate matches on the basis of 4 categories (Ross, and Gillespie 2016). These categories are listed as follows: Exact- when the match is 100% equivalent Fussy- When the match is 75% - 80% equivalent New- When the match is 0- 75% Duplicate- These are the repeated segments within the project. When translation memory is implemented for a new project it has no source available and memory needs to be created from the beginning. During the initial phase the tool does not provide much help with the translation but as soon as the source develops the tool turns out more helpful. The translation memory can also be created by using the previous translations. How to use translation memory: The next question arises how to use transition memory. The translation memory is of two types personal and global. Personal TM is available only for personal use and visible to authorised users it consist of your own transactions. The next is global TM it is available for free use. How to use TM is described below: The first step is uploading the desired translation memory. If you are working with various documents you can upload multiple TMs. The next step is to select the TM that you want to use from the already uploaded TMs. The third step is to use the TM in your document. The above You can change the existing translation memory, add a new translation memory to an existing memory and start with an empty translation memory. Few points need to be remembered while workings with the translation memory are: At one time only 50mb of a TM can be uploaded. Only 1 GB of TM can be uploaded in a year. The file format supported by translation memory is (translation memory exchange) TMX. Using translation memory is an easy and uncomplicated process. You just need to have some basic information about the technology and you can start using TM in your documents. Advantages or benefits of the translation memory: Improves the quality of work Using translation memory ensures that all segments and blocs are translated and checked. This enhances the credibility of the translations. It makes sure at not even a single assignment is missed. Thus overall quality of work is improved (Yang et al. 2016). Saves time and energy Translating the already translated material again and again consumes lot of time and energy. This time and energy can be saved by using translation memory because it provides matches with the already translated material (Wagner 2014). Cost efficient Use of translation memory saves cost. Application of software such as translation memory on large projects saves time and energy. This ultimately results in saving the cost. The translation memory works on the principal that more you translate more you save (Yancey and Weissman 2014). Provides access to various formats Using translation memory software provides access to various kinds of formats. Also you do not need to pay or have ownership for accessing these formats (Chan 2014). Various TM programmes contain some extra features Many TM programmes contain some extra features such as terminology check function. These provide additional benefits other than the translation function. Disadvantages of Translation memory: Every technology has its pros and cons. The translation memory also has some cons. The quality of translated material is always relied upon the relevance of the material. The meaning assigned should be clearly related otherwise the translation is of no use. One of the major drawbacks associated with translation memory is that it always needs the presence of human element to ensure that matches are correct or not. The human is responsible for accepting the most relevant match (Brownlie 2016). The next drawback associated with the translation memory is that it translates into segments. When the translation is made into various smaller segments sometimes the meaning of sentence as a whole is distorted. While using the translator memory it becomes very difficult to post edit after the translation. Post editing of the already done transactions is time consuming (Silva 2014). Translator memory can also bring negative results if the user is not familiar with the technology. The mistakes don e by user in handling the translation memory can bring the negative results. Conclusion It can be concluded that technology is the successful invention in the field of translation. The technology is easy to use. It has provided several advantages such as cost saving, time saving, energy efficient and improves the overall quality of the work. It has few disadvantages also the major disadvantage is it requires presence of human element and post editing is time consuming. It offers more advantages as compared to disadvantages. Therefore it is recommended for the firm to make use of this technology to make their translations more effective and efficient. References Brownlie, S., 2016.Mapping Memory in Translation. Springer. Chan, S.W. ed., 2014.Routledge encyclopedia of translation technology. Routledge. Cheng, S.C., Pressman, A., Zhang, H., Ma, P.C., Zhang, S. and Hummel, J., Sdl Inc., 2017.E-services translation utilizing machine translation and translation memory. U.S. Patent 9,600,472. Flanagan, K., 2015. Subsegment recall in Translation Memoryperceptions, expectations and reality.The Journal of Specialised Translation,23, pp.64-88. Rosenberg, S. 2017. A look at how translation memory works, viewed on 2 August 2017 from https://blog.csoftintl.com/look-translation-memory-works/ Ross, R.G. and Gillespie, K., Sdl Inc., 2016.In-context exact (ICE) matching. U.S. Patent 9,342,506. Silva, R., 2014. Chapter two integrating post-editing mt.Post-editing of Machine Translation: Processes and Applications, p.24. Wagner, E., 2014.Translating for the European Union. Routledge. Yancey, S.W. and Weissman, C.D., 2014.Multi-tenant translation memory management. U.S. Patent 8,868,404. Yang, Z., Hu, Z., Deng, Y., Dyer, C. and Smola, A., 2016. Neural Machine Translation with Recurrent Attention Modeling.arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.05108.

The Inca Empire as a Great Civilization of the Pre

Until 1492, the whole continents of North and South America were not known in Europe. After the Columbus expedition, a small kingdom of Spain got control over two continents and became the most powerful Empire. Nevertheless, before the Spanish conquest, there were several advanced civilizations on the continent.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Inca Empire as a Great Civilization of the Pre-Columbian America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the Andean civilizations, the Inca Empire was the largest country in the pre-Columbian America. The Empire covered 3000 miles of the west coast of South America and included parts of modern Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina. This civilization was very advanced. For instance, the Incas built a network of roads connecting the different towns of the Empire. The tax system was one of the statements of the Inca’s economy. There was no difference between t he class and prosperity. Everyone had to pay the gold or, at least, corn and potatoes. Indeed, the agriculture was the main activity of this civilization. They lived in mountainous terrain that was completely bad for farming. However, the Incas found a solution of this problem in a cut of terraces looked like the stairs. Thereby, they could produce maize, potatoes, tomatoes, peanuts, melons and cotton. The method of irrigation allowed getting water to the plantations. The administrative and political center of the Empire was located in Cusco in modern Peru. Nearby Cusco, the Incas created an important geometric ensemble of Machu Picchu built of stone. The significance of this town lies in the ancient beliefs of an existence of the place where they can get the spiritual connection with gods. The stones were cut very careful and fitting perfectly to each other. All the levels of this town were connected with the stairways. Obviously, the cultural inheritance of the Inca Empire was ric h. However, due to the historical events, almost all the cultural valuables were lost. Nowadays, there are no written records left by the Incas. The knowledge of their history and culture are known from the oral narrations which were preserved until the Spanish conquest. The scientists know about the unique calendar of the Incas which consists 12 months of 30 days. It means that even in the 15th century the Incas people had a deep knowledge of math and astronomy. Within the several centuries the Incas built a great empire which was destroyed by the few hundred Spanish soldiers. In 1532, Francisco Pizarro and his soldiers conquered the Empire. It happened due to the political collapse and disorder within the Empire.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the Incas people fell quickly into the Spanish with their weapons and horses. Besides, some of the European diseases were deadly da ngerous for the native people of the American continent. Pizarro easily captured the Incas emperor Atahualpa and took control over the whole Empire. The consequences of this event were horrible. The Inca Empire was in ruin. The Spanish army took the gold and other riches and killed thousands of people. They forced the Incas to convert to Christianity and in case of rejection tortured and killed. It is an interesting example of killing and destroying in order to increase the number of Christians. Obviously, the main reason of an occupation was the Incas gold. The Spanish conquests led to the expansion of this European. Thus, the Spanish expeditions to South and North America destroyed the great advanced and origin civilization of the Incas. The Inca Empire as a Great Civilization of the Pre-Columbian America Until 1492, the whole continents of North and South America were not known in Europe. After the Columbus expedition, a small kingdom of Spain got control over two continents and became the most powerful Empire. Nevertheless, before the Spanish conquest, there were several advanced civilizations on the continent. One of the Andean civilizations, the Inca Empire was the largest country in the pre-Columbian America. The Empire covered 3000 miles of the west coast of South America and included parts of modern Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina. This civilization was very advanced. For instance, the Incas built a network of roads connecting the different towns of the Empire. The tax system was one of the statements of the Inca’s economy. There was no difference between the class and prosperity. Everyone had to pay the gold or, at least, corn and potatoes. Indeed, the agriculture was the main activity of this civilization. They lived in mountainous terrain that was completely bad for farming. However, the Incas found a solution of this problem in a cut of terraces looked like the stairs. Thereby, they could produce maize, potatoes, tomatoes, peanu ts, melons and cotton. The method of irrigation allowed getting water to the plantations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Inca Empire as a Great Civilization of the Pre-Columbian America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The administrative and political center of the Empire was located in Cusco in modern Peru. Nearby Cusco, the Incas created an important geometric ensemble of Machu Picchu built of stone. The significance of this town lies in the ancient beliefs of an existence of the place where they can get the spiritual connection with gods. The stones were cut very careful and fitting perfectly to each other. All the levels of this town were connected with the stairways. Obviously, the cultural inheritance of the Inca Empire was rich. However, due to the historical events, almost all the cultural valuables were lost. Nowadays, there are no written records left by the Incas. The knowledge of their history a nd culture are known from the oral narrations which were preserved until the Spanish conquest. The scientists know about the unique calendar of the Incas which consists 12 months of 30 days. It means that even in the 15th century the Incas people had a deep knowledge of math and astronomy. Within the several centuries the Incas built a great empire which was destroyed by the few hundred Spanish soldiers. In 1532, Francisco Pizarro and his soldiers conquered the Empire. It happened due to the political collapse and disorder within the Empire. Therefore, the Incas people fell quickly into the Spanish with their weapons and horses. Besides, some of the European diseases were deadly dangerous for the native people of the American continent. Pizarro easily captured the Incas emperor Atahualpa and took control over the whole Empire. The consequences of this event were horrible. The Inca Empire was in ruin. The Spanish army took the gold and other riches and killed thousands of people. The y forced the Incas to convert to Christianity and in case of rejection tortured and killed. It is an interesting example of killing and destroying in order to increase the number of Christians. Obviously, the main reason of an occupation was the Incas gold. The Spanish conquests led to the expansion of this European. Thus, the Spanish expeditions to South and North America destroyed the great advanced and origin civilization of the Incas. This essay on The Inca Empire as a Great Civilization of the Pre-Columbian America was written and submitted by user Riya Sweet to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Removal of Indians essays

Removal of Indians essays In the early 1800's, the colonists in the United States were on the move, and the country was expanding westward. This left little land for the Native Americans to live on. By 1839, thirteen thousand Cherokees were driven into Indian Territory (later Oklahoma), in what became known as the Trail of Tears. There were principal arguments made for the removal of the Cherokee Indians. According to Discovering the American Past, I can see one man that delivered these principal arguments: Andrew Jackson. In this paper, I will discuss the principal arguments given by Jackson, for the removal of the Cherokee. Andrew Jackson once wrote that Cherokees have neither the intelligence, the industry, the moral habits, nor the desire of improvement... in their condition. This quote automatically led me to believe that Jackson was totally for the removal of the Indians. Jackson was the president during the time of the removal of the Cherokee. He made his first annual message to Congress on December 8, 1829. In this address, he gave some reasons for the Indian removal. According to Jackson, the whites had been trying to convert the Indians from their savage ways. Some of the Southern Indian tribes were trying to create an independent government, inside Georgia and Alabama. These states extended their laws over the Indians, which caused the latter to call upon the United States for protection. The Constitution states that no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State, without the consent of its legislature. Jackson said that if this holds to be true, then a foreign, independent government could definitely not establish itself there. Jackson believed that in moving the Indians, it would be beneficial for them to move to the Indian Territory. He stated that each tribe would have distinct control over the portion designated for their use. They could have their own...

How to Find Adult Education and Earn Your GED in Ohio

How to Find Adult Education and Earn Your GED in Ohio GED (General Educational Development) testing in the state of Ohio is handled by the Ohio Department of Education. The state is continuing its partnership with GED Testing Service and, as of January 1, 2014, offers the new 2014 computer-based GED test. The Ohio GED site is very easy to use and offers lots of helpful information, including the dates of when the information is updated, so you know what you are reading is current. Clicking on the navigation links on the left side of the page will give you information about GED practice centers around the state, practice tests, directions for setting up an account at the GED Testing Service, necessary forms, and a long list of frequently asked questions. Also on the left navigation bar, youll find information about Ohios Adult Diploma Program, a job training program that helps adult students prepare for in-demand jobs in Ohio. Rather than focusing on hours and grades, the program is based on competency in a self-paced format. Once you have learned a set of competencies and can demonstrate mastery of each required skill, you are assigned a provider who helps you create a customized student success plan. There are five pilot schools involved with this program: Stark State Community CollegePickaway-Ross Joint Vocational SchoolMiami Valley Career TechnicalCenter, Cuyahoga Community CollegePenta Career Center Students can choose to learn the following careers: automotive service technicians and mechanics, bus drivers, computer and information systems managers, dental assistants, electricians, emergency medical technicians and paramedics, financial managers, general and operations managers, healthcare social workers, industrial truck and tractor operators, information security analysts, light truck or delivery drivers, nurse practitioners, occupational therapy assistants, office clerks, paralegals and legal assistants, sales managers, social workers, installers, and tellers. Lots of great choices! Ohio also offers an additional program for adult students called 22 Adult High School Diploma Program. This program is designed for adults 22 years old, or older, who want to pursue a career in a field not included in the Adult Diploma Program listed above. Counselors work with students to help them identify the jobs they want, the courses they need, and the assessments theyll need to take. This program is available at: Ashland County Community AcademyCleveland Academy for Scholarship Technology and LeadershipColumbus State Community CollegeDohn Community High SchoolLife Skills Center of DaytonLondon AcademyPolly Fox Academy Community SchoolQuaker Digital Academy (online)Townsend North Community School Contact information for each location is available on the programs page. Click on the gray box in the upper right corner for a PDF with complete information about this program, including how to watch a webinar with additional information about applying. Ohio Means Jobs From the Ohios Options for Adult Diploma and GED page, you have access to everything you need to know for the option you choose. Of special interest is the link under the Adult Diploma heading that reads: Ohio Means Jobs. Clicking on that link takes you to a new page where, if you select Individual, you can then specify if you are a veteran, unemployment compensation claimant, job and family services customer, an individual with a disability, or a college student, and you can search for jobs that fit your category. Links on that page also lead to more career help, including information about online learning and a budget calculator. Good luck! Return to the list of states.

Revenge in the Contemporary Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revenge in the Contemporary Society - Assignment Example Shakespeare presents two pieces of artwork of Titus and Titus Andronicus who appears as a sordid tale of bloodthirsty revenge in political turmoil. The pieces of work present a turbulent scenario characterized by massive blood flows and unthinkable brutality. In the process of affecting the revenge, countless murders are reported, rape and terrible actions of fierce mutilation. Generally, the characters in both pieces of work of Titus Andronicus are the Romans and the vital captives that found their way to the Roman Empire after the ten-year war with the Goths. This integrated the Goth’s queen, Tamara, and her family members who were the painful bearers of the cold brutal murders, hence, creating the theme of revenge (Shakespeare 232). Shakespeare presents this theme as a plot in one of his earlier works which do not appear to be popular as the pieces of work are viewed as excessively violent which, in my opinion, appear to be the best setting for the theme. The story is quite powerful and juicy as moving though is not that dynamic as one may wish a player to be. Titus Andronicus is a Roman general, who is in charge of a leadership position in the army that fights the Goths and defeats them in cruel and bloody war. Before the war is finished Titus wants to execute the son of the queen of Goths, Tamara, who pleads for the mercy for her son as it is normally said that the pain of childbirth should be enquired from the mother. Titus though defies the pleas of the mother and goes ahead to kill Tamara’s son anyway (Shakespeare 157). After the bloody killing of Tamara’s sons by Titus, the queen swears to revenge on Titus’ kingdom and initiates a total bloodbath.  

Developing self developing others Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Developing self developing others - Essay Example His performance got evaluated from his role play and he expedited his job in an organized manner. He expressed strong proficiency in preparation and organization. His time management and placement of tasks in a sequential way also showed strong planning skills he possesses. John also demonstrated that he is a strategic visional thinker when he scheduled tasks according to their complexity and put in place possible solutions for probable future challenges. He also demonstrated efficient time management skills, by planning tasks in a written schedule for prompt completion. John’s prowess in relationship management was effortlessly reinforced by his outgoing nature. To other team members, he was extremely welcoming and warmed up to every member of the group. His score in management of association was (insert score). In his interaction with the group members, he applied body language and was supportive of other group members through affirmative exploits such as nodding. He was very easy-to-read in verbal communication and in body language. His management of relationships was easy to determine as he was tactful and promoted open discourses among members. When disagreeing with opinions of others, he did it tactfully and avoided condescending utterances. His handling of dissenting opinions acted as motivations to other group members and therefore stood out as a good relationship

Islamophobia Essay Example for Free

Islamophobia Essay Islamophobia is controversy term that refers to perjudice and discrimination of Islam and muslim. It become more popular after attack of 11/9. Now, i’ll tell you about 11/9 issues, which is the series of 4 suicided attack organised by Al-Qaeda on the United states in 11 of september 2001. In that morning, 19 al-qaeda’s seized four passengers jet. And the hijackers intentionally crassh the 2 plane into PWTC in city of newyork. Thus, this tragedy had killed all passengers and most of the workers in the building involved. Both of towers collapsed within 2hours. Suspicion quickly fell on the al-Qaeda’s leader which is Osama bin Laden at that time. As we know that alQaeda such a muslims organization. Based on what had happened to american in this tragedy made the outsiders phobia to Islam and think that Islam suched a terrorist religion. I can give you one opinion of a British journalis in the indipendent, Johan Harry. He argues that authentic Islamophobia exist and consist of the nation that is a uniquely evil religon, more definitly war, like a fanantical than cristianity or budism or others. For more clear, let me tell you about a hindustan movies My Name Is Khan and I’m sure some of you have heard about this movie. The story about Rizwan Khan charactered by Shah Rukh Khan which is a sindrom Asperger. He’s meet his love in america state with a widow, mandira who is have a son named Sam. When they decided to married. Name’s of Sam should be change to Sameer Khan. And the name of khan create a prejudice Islam-christian. Until sameer Khan had been killed at the middle of the field in america by his friends. This is clearly shown the feelings of scared in american until they have to killed their own friends. In 1997 the British RunnymedeTrust defined that Islamophobia is as dread and hatred of Islam and let to the fear and dislike of all muslims. Stating that it also refers to the practise of discriminating againts muslims by excluding them from economic, social, pilitics and public life of the nation. It includes the perception that Islam has no values in common with other cultures is interior to the west and also is violent political ideology rather than a religion. The Runnymede report contrasted open and closed views of Islam, and stated that the following eight closed views are equated with Islamophobia: 1. Islam is seen as a monolithic bloc, static and unresponsive to change. 2. It is seen as separate and other. It does not have values in common with other cultures, is not affected by them and does not influence them. 3. It is  seen as inferior to the West. It is seen as barbaric, irrational, primitive, and sexist 4. It is seen as violent, aggressive, threatening, supportive of terrorism, and engaged in a clash of civilizations.